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Linux / Unix tutorials for new and seasoned sysadmin || developers
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Linux / Unix tutorials for new and seasoned sysadmin || developers
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2024-11-16T21:38:35Z
Linux / Unix tutorials for new and seasoned sysadmin || developers
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2024-11-16T21:38:35Z
Linux Tutorials and Tips
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2024-11-01T20:36:37Z
Linux / Unix tutorials for new and seasoned sysadmin || developers
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2024-11-16T21:38:35Z
Linux / Unix tutorials for new and seasoned sysadmin || developers
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2024-11-16T21:38:35Z
Linux / Unix tutorials for new and seasoned sysadmin || developers
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2024-11-16T21:38:35Z
Linux / Unix tutorials for new and seasoned sysadmin || developers
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2024-11-16T21:38:35Z
Linux / Unix tutorials for new and seasoned sysadmin || developers
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2024-11-16T21:38:35Z
Linux / Unix tutorials for new and seasoned sysadmin || developers
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2024-11-16T21:38:35Z
Linux / Unix tutorials for new and seasoned sysadmin || developers
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2024-11-16T21:38:35Z
Linux / Unix tutorials for new and seasoned sysadmin || developers
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2024-11-16T21:38:35Z
Linux / Unix tutorials for new and seasoned sysadmin || developers
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2024-11-16T21:38:35Z
Linux / Unix tutorials for new and seasoned sysadmin || developers
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2024-11-16T21:38:35Z
Linux / Unix tutorials for new and seasoned sysadmin || developers
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2024-11-16T21:38:35Z
Linux Tips, Hacks, Tutorials, And Ideas In Blog
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2024-10-08T17:52:31Z
Linux / Unix tutorials for new and seasoned sysadmin || developers
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2024-11-16T21:38:35Z
Linux / Unix tutorials for new and seasoned sysadmin || developers
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2024-11-16T21:38:35Z
Linux Tips, Hacks, Tutorials, And Ideas In Blog
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Linux / Unix tutorials for new and seasoned sysadmin || developers
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Linux / Unix tutorials for new and seasoned sysadmin || developers
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Updated: 10 hours 45 min ago
How to find hard disk (SSD) serial numbers in Linux
You need to use the smartctl command to display the hard disk (SSD) serial numbers in Linux. This is useful when changing your hard disk if it goes bad.
Love this? sudo share_on: Twitter - Facebook - LinkedIn - Whatsapp - Reddit
The post How to find hard disk (SSD) serial numbers in Linux appeared first on nixCraft.
2024-11-16T21:38:35Z
2024-11-16T21:38:35Z
Vivek Gite
How to install kvm-ok on Debian or Ubuntu Linux
The KVM-ok command command will tell you if your Debian or Ubuntu Linux-powered server can host hardware-accelerated KVM virtual machines. KVM (Kernel-based Virtual Machine) is a free and open-source virtualization technology that is used with every Linux kernel. In other words, KVM will make your Linux computer into a hypervisor, allowing you to run multiple isolated virtual machines (VMs) on a single physical machine. However, KVM depends upon CPU hardware virtualization extensions like Intel VT-x or AMD-V to provide high-performance virtual machines. This support must be enabled in the BIOS. Apart from that, some cloud service providers also allow nested virtualization that will help you to run VMs inside your instances. However, this may not be enabled in BIOS or instance configuration. Thus, you need to install the kvm-ok command to determine whether such support exists.
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The post How to install kvm-ok on Debian or Ubuntu Linux appeared first on nixCraft.
2024-11-16T06:54:11Z
2024-11-16T06:54:11Z
Vivek Gite
zcommands: Read gzip Compressed Text Files On a Fly on Linux and Unix
Linux and Unix like operating systems comes with z* commands. These commands allow you to read gzip compressed text files using zless, zcat, zmore, and friends commands. The gzip command reduces the size of the files using Lempel-Ziv coding (LZ77). Whenever possible, each file is replaced by one with the extension .gz while keeping the same ownership modes, access, and modification times. z* commands have some cool usage too, such as display the current time in different zonename.
Love this? sudo share_on: Twitter - Facebook - LinkedIn - Whatsapp - Reddit
The post zcommands: Read gzip Compressed Text Files On a Fly on Linux and Unix appeared first on nixCraft.
2024-11-01T20:34:07Z
2024-11-01T20:34:07Z
Vivek Gite
How do I unzip multiple / many files under Linux?
I have lots of files in a directory called /disk2/images/. All files are in zip file format, so I am using the following command to extract zip files:
unzip *.zip
The command result into an error which read as follows:
caution: filename not matched
How do I unzip multiple or many zip files under a Linux/Unix-like system?
Love this? sudo share_on: Twitter - Facebook - LinkedIn - Whatsapp - Reddit
The post How do I unzip multiple / many files under Linux? appeared first on nixCraft.
2024-09-27T19:56:29Z
2024-09-27T19:56:29Z
Vivek Gite
Linux / UNIX View Only Configuration File Directives ( Uncommented Lines of a Config File )
Most Linux and UNIX-like system configuration files are documented using comments, but sometimes I just need to see a line of configuration text in a config file. How can I view just the uncommented configuration file directives from squid.conf or httpd.conf file? How can I strip out comments and blank lines on a Linux or Unix-like system?
Love this? sudo share_on: Twitter - Facebook - LinkedIn - Whatsapp - Reddit
The post Linux / UNIX View Only Configuration File Directives ( Uncommented Lines of a Config File ) appeared first on nixCraft.
2024-09-21T12:33:38Z
2024-09-21T12:33:38Z
Vivek Gite
Linux turn OFF password expiration / aging
The /etc/shadow file stores the actual password in encrypted format using a hash (salted) function for the user's account with additional properties related to the user passwords, such as password expiration date or password aging. The /etc/passwd stores usernames and their properties, such as home directory, login shell, and more. The password expiration information for a user is contained in the last six fields. The Linux password expiration for a select user can be disabled by editing the /etc/shadow file. However, I recommend using the chage command for safety reasons. The chage command changes the number of days between password changes and the last password change date. The Linux system uses this information to determine when users must change their passwords.
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The post Linux turn OFF password expiration / aging appeared first on nixCraft.
2024-09-20T11:46:01Z
2024-09-20T11:46:01Z
Vivek Gite
Linux / UNIX: DNS Lookup Command
How do I perform DNS lookup under Linux, UNIX, or Apple macOS (OS X) operating systems without using 3rd party websites for troubleshooting DNS usage?
Love this? sudo share_on: Twitter - Facebook - LinkedIn - Whatsapp - Reddit
The post Linux / UNIX: DNS Lookup Command appeared first on nixCraft.
2024-09-13T11:37:45Z
2024-09-13T11:37:45Z
Vivek Gite
Linux Copy One Hard Disk to Another Using dd Command
How can I copy one hard disk to another using the dd, ddrescue, or dcfldd commands?
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The post Linux Copy One Hard Disk to Another Using dd Command appeared first on nixCraft.
2024-09-09T20:04:33Z
2024-09-09T20:04:33Z
Vivek Gite
Shell script to set up an LXD / Incus (Linux Containers) lab for testing purpose
LXD or Incus is a Linux operating system-level container system. You can build over 25+ Linux distros for testing, fun, and profit. You can even run GUI apps inside those containers and get output displayed back to your X display easily. For example, you can run Firefox in one Linux container for banking needs with custom add-ons, including specific firewall rules just for allowing outgoing banking and nothing else. You can have another container to run Chromium/Edge/FF for social media. Of course, it is not a replacement for something like Qubes OS, but you can do many things in an isolated environment. You can try a new Linux distro without the VM's overheads and test new features offered by that distro. All Linux containers will share the same Linux kernel and hardware devices as your GPU. Here is a quick shell script to build a quick lab to test various Linux distros.
Love this? sudo share_on: Twitter - Facebook - LinkedIn - Whatsapp - Reddit
The post Shell script to set up an LXD / Incus (Linux Containers) lab for testing purpose appeared first on nixCraft.
2024-08-16T12:06:18Z
2024-08-16T12:06:18Z
Vivek Gite
How To check LXD/Incus container BTRFS disk usage on Linux
Here is a quick and dirty shell script I put to check LXD or Incus container size and how much space they are taking on the BTRFS subvolume. Naturally, you must run the script as a root user, and LXD or Icnus must be configured with BTRFS storage backend on Linux operating systems. See how to set up and install LXD on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS or installing Incus on Debian 12/11 using the apt command.
Love this? sudo share_on: Twitter - Facebook - LinkedIn - Whatsapp - Reddit
The post How To check LXD/Incus container BTRFS disk usage on Linux appeared first on nixCraft.
2024-08-15T21:42:09Z
2024-08-15T21:42:09Z
Vivek Gite
Linux shell script to reduce PDF file size
Here is a handy and useful Linux and Unix shell script that reduce PDF file size using Ghostscript. No need to upload your PDF file to the shady third-party website. Just do it from the terminal. I tested it with both CentOS and Ubuntu/Debian Linux. It should work with macOS, FreeBSD and other Unix-like systems as long as you have the Ghostscript installed.
Love this? sudo share_on: Twitter - Facebook - LinkedIn - Whatsapp - Reddit
The post Linux shell script to reduce PDF file size appeared first on nixCraft.
2024-07-30T22:56:26Z
2024-07-30T22:56:26Z
Vivek Gite
How to shutdown FreeBSD laptop when running out of battery power
Email alert example before FreeBSD-based laptop will be shutdown by the script Email alert example before FreeBSD-based laptop will be shutdown by the script Email alert example before FreeBSD-based laptop will be shutdown by the script Email alert example before FreeBSD-based laptop will be shutdown by the script Email alert example before FreeBSD-based laptop will […]
Love this? sudo share_on: Twitter - Facebook - LinkedIn - Whatsapp - Reddit
The post How to shutdown FreeBSD laptop when running out of battery power appeared first on nixCraft.
2024-07-28T11:28:02Z
2024-07-28T11:28:02Z
Vivek Gite
Shell script to see Time-To-Live (TTL) for a DNS record on Linux, Unix, macOS and FreeBSD
TTL is an acronym for Time-To-Live (TTL) in DNS. It sets the time in seconds that a DNS record is allowed to be cached by DNS resolvers (caching server) before it needs to be fetched again from the authoritative name server. In other words, longer TTL can reduce the load on authoritative DNS servers and improve response times by keeping records in the cache longer. The shorter TTL is useful for frequently changing DNS records, as it ensures that updates are propagated quickly across the Internet. Say you want to see the Time-To-Live (TTL) value for a given DNS record for A, AAAA, and MX. Here is a sample shell script that works on Linux, Unix, and macOS. You must have the bash and dig command installed.
Love this? sudo share_on: Twitter - Facebook - LinkedIn - Whatsapp - Reddit
The post Shell script to see Time-To-Live (TTL) for a DNS record on Linux, Unix, macOS and FreeBSD appeared first on nixCraft.
2024-07-26T18:05:44Z
2024-07-26T18:05:44Z
Vivek Gite
How to install and configure sudo on Debian Linux
The minimal version of Debian Linux 12/11 does not support sudo. When performing a network installation for Debian, the usual approach is to use the minimum version, which only installs the essential packages. Most Linux container images based upon Debian also skip sudo, and if your project needs sudo, then read on how to install and configure sudo and grant access to a user on a Debian Linux version 12/11.
Love this? sudo share_on: Twitter - Facebook - LinkedIn - Whatsapp - Reddit
The post How to install and configure sudo on Debian Linux appeared first on nixCraft.
2024-07-25T23:06:18Z
2024-07-25T23:06:18Z
Vivek Gite
Shell script to monitor MariaDB replication and send email alert about server health status
Here is a simple shell script to notify secondary read-only replica (slave) MariaDB server health status failure via email and push notification. Master-slave data replication allows you to copy databases to multiple MariaDB servers. It is useful for backup, data recovery, load balancing, and much more. See how to configure SSL-protected MariaDB replication between a master and slave server.
Love this? sudo share_on: Twitter - Facebook - LinkedIn - Whatsapp - Reddit
The post Shell script to monitor MariaDB replication and send email alert about server health status appeared first on nixCraft.
2024-07-25T12:51:45Z
2024-07-25T12:51:45Z
Vivek Gite
How to install incus server on Debian 12/11
Incus is a free and open-source project for the next-gen container management platform. It is a fork of LXD (the container hypervisor). It can manage both Linux containers and virtual machines. Let us see how to install the stable version of the Incus server on Debian 11 or 12 and deploy both containers and VMs for fun and profit.
Love this? sudo share_on: Twitter - Facebook - LinkedIn - Whatsapp - Reddit
The post How to install incus server on Debian 12/11 appeared first on nixCraft.
2024-07-23T08:25:44Z
2024-07-23T08:25:44Z
Vivek Gite
How to upgrade OpenSUSE 15.5 to 15.6 using the CLI
The most recent release of OpenSUSE Linux, version 15.6 "Leap," is now available. This version incorporates the SUSE Linux Enterprise (SLE) source and community developments, making it the ideal option for a stable Linux experience for users, developers, and system administrators. This page provides instructions on upgrading from OpenSUSE version 15.5 to 15.6 using the command-line interface (CLI).
Love this? sudo share_on: Twitter - Facebook - LinkedIn - Whatsapp - Reddit
The post How to upgrade OpenSUSE 15.5 to 15.6 using the CLI appeared first on nixCraft.
2024-06-30T11:03:25Z
2024-06-30T11:03:25Z
Vivek Gite
lnav – Awesome terminal log file viewer for Linux and Unix
It is no secret that whether you are a developer or sysadmin, you need to use log files to troubleshoot errors on your Linux and Unix systems. You use tools like grep, tail, cat, or journalctl to view log files. However, you may need help with so many log files. These essential Unix tools are suitable for basic text but fall short when dealing with many log files. You can get tired from sifting through endless lines of log files. The lnav utility is here to the rescue! It is a powerful log file viewer that goes beyond the basics. It understands your logs by identifying timestamps, log levels, and other vital details. You can run SQLite SQL queries against your standard log files and build reports for your needs. Let us see how to install and use the lnav tool quickly.
Love this? sudo share_on: Twitter - Facebook - LinkedIn - Whatsapp - Reddit
The post lnav – Awesome terminal log file viewer for Linux and Unix appeared first on nixCraft.
2024-06-16T11:04:42Z
2024-06-16T11:04:42Z
Vivek Gite
How to find out AWS EC2 instances type over SSH
AWS offers various instance types, and sometimes, you need to know which one you are using or which one has been deployed by someone else (another developer or sysadmin) for a project. Don't worry. Here are some commands to find the EC2 instance type over SSH without logging into the AWS console. These commands works with any Linux distro or FreeBSD Unix systems.
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The post How to find out AWS EC2 instances type over SSH appeared first on nixCraft.
2024-05-26T11:51:12Z
2024-05-26T11:51:12Z
Vivek Gite
How to add interface to vnstat to database for monitoring
vnStat is a network traffic monitor for Linux and Unix-like systems. It logs network traffic at different intervals and doesn't require root permissions to run. The implementation involves two commands: vnstat for querying traffic information and vnstatd for data retrieval and storage. Let's see how to add a network interface to vnstat after installation for monitoring purposes.
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The post How to add interface to vnstat to database for monitoring appeared first on nixCraft.
2024-05-26T05:56:00Z
2024-05-26T05:56:00Z
Vivek Gite